Frequently Asked Questions
  General FAQ's Step By Step FAQ's    
  Step By Step FAQ's    
  Step1 Step1.1   Step2
Step2.1
Step2.2
Step2.3
Step2.4
Step2.5
Step2.6
Step2.7
Step2.8
Step2.9
Step2.10
  Step3
Step3.1
Step3.2
Step3.3
  Step4   Step5
Step5.1
Step5.2
  Step6    
 
  FAQ's for Step 1: Getting Started    
  > Should I include information about my partner?    
  > Why do you need to know about my partner's different retirement plans?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 1: Tell us about your Retirement plan    
  > What is plan sufficiency?    
  > Should I include information about my partner?    
  > Why do you need to know about my partner's different retirement plans?    
  > Do I need to enter all of the investment options in my retirement plan?    
  > What if you don’t list one of my investment options?    
  > How do I find my investment options?    
  > How do I add an investment from the list?    
  > How do I remove an investment from the list?    
  > How many investments can I list?    
  > Are there any special requirements my investment options must meet?    
 
  Should I include information about my partner?  
 
  Our goal is to create an investment plan that will provide lifetime income for both you and your spouse. Therefore, you should enter your partner's information, even if your partner doesn't work.  
     
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  Why do you need to know about my partner's different retirement plans?  
 
  Because the various contributions and employer matches placed in a retirement plan can have such a large impact on your long-term financial situation, it's important for you to provide as detailed information as possible. We ask only for information on your partner's plans here because your own plan types are already built into ClearFuture.  
     
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  What is plan sufficiency?  
 
  Plan Sufficiency is a system by which we determine whether the investment options listed for your retirement plan provide the necessary basis for a diversified retirement plan. If you have forgotten to list an option or your plan does not offer the required options, you must either add the missing fund or enter a generic option. Otherwise, we can not create an investment plan for you.  
     
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  Should I include information about my partner?  
 
  Our goal is to create an investment plan that will provide lifetime income for both you and your spouse. Therefore, you should enter your partner's information, even if your partner doesn't work.  
     
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  Why do you need to know about my partner's different retirement plans?  
 
  Because the various contributions and employer matches placed in a retirement plan can have such a large impact on your long-term financial situation, it's important for you to provide as detailed information as possible. We ask only for information on your partner's plans here because your own plan types are already built into ClearFuture.  
     
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  Do I need to enter all of the investment options in my retirement plan?  
 
  You need to enter all of the available investment options in your retirement plan so that ClearFuture can develop its plan using all of your investment options.  
     
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  What if you don’t list one of my investment options?  
 
  Some companies' retirement plans contain customized investment options unique to that plan. If you can't find one of your plan's options in our database, you can use our 'generic' options for different types of funds. For example, if you can't find your plan's 'Large Cap Mutual Fund,' please choose the 'Generic Large Cap Fund' as a substitute. Most cash options such as GICs (guaranteed investment contracts) and money-market funds are not listed in our database. If you cannot find your plan's cash option, use the appropriate generic cash option as a substitute.  
     
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  How do I find my investment options?  
 
  You can find your specific options by entering either the ticker symbol or the name. Make sure to check the option ('name' or 'ticker') that corresponds to your chosen search method. When entering the name, you may type out just the first part of the name (such as 'Vanguard' or 'Fidelity') or even the first few letters. You will then find a list in the middle box of all the funds offered by that company or stock names beginning with those letters. This box only displays 20 names at a time, so if the fund company offers many funds, you may need to page through to find your particular choice by clicking on 'Next 20.'  
     
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  How do I add an investment from the list?  
 
  Once you have found the correct security, highlight its name in the middle box with the cursor, then click 'Add. You'll need to do so even if only one name appears in the box. Once you have clicked 'Add,' the fund or stock name should appear in the last box on the screen. If you accidentally add the wrong security, you can delete it by highlighting the fund name and clicking 'Remove.'  
     
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  How do I remove an investment from the list?  
 
  If you accidentally add the wrong security, you can delete it by highlighting the fund name and clicking 'Remove.'  
     
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  How many investments can I list?  
 
  You will be limited to 50 total entries for your retirement plan options.  
     
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  Are there any special requirements my investment options must meet?  
 
  Yes. Your final list of retirement plan investment options must include at least one large blend stock fund (or a large value stock fund and large growth stock fund) and one fixed income option (bond fund or cash option), so that ClearFuture can give you a plan with the right asset allocations. However, if your plan is missing one of these funds, you can still use ClearFuture by substituting a generic fund in its place.  
     
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  FAQ's for Step 2: Job Information    
  > How do you account for changes in my salary?    
  > How do you estimate my Social Security benefits?    
  > Should I enter my salary before taxes?    
  > How do you define what 'salary' includes?    
  > What’s the advantage of taking a part-time job?    
  > What if I’m unsure about taking a part-time job during retirement?    
  > What if I’m currently getting a pension?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.1: Employer's Savings Plan    
  > Why do you ask for the maximum I (or my partner) can contribute?    
  > What if I don’t know the exact amounts?    
  > Why do you need to know if my match is made in company stock?    
  > Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?    
  > Why do you need information on my plan loans?    
  > What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
   
  > How can I maximize my company match if I contribute up to my plan's limit?    
  > What is a 'Post-tax contribution' and how does it differ from my regular contribution?    
  > What is the '50 Years of Age' catch-up provision?    
  > What is a brokerage account?    
  > What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my company stock or brokerage account investments?    
  > Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
   
  > Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.2: Profit Sharing Plan    
  > My company's Profit Sharing Plan adjusts its percentage contribution annually. How can I change the number in the future?    
  > Isn't my Money Purchase Plan the same thing as my pension?    
  > What if I don’t know the exact amounts?    
  > Why do you need to know if my match is made in company stock?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.3: Partner's Profit Sharing Plan    
  > My partner's company’s Profit Sharing Plan adjusts its percentage contribution annually. How can I change the number in the future?    
  > Isn’t a Money Purchase Plan the same thing as a pension?    
  > Why do you need me to enter details about my partner’s employer retirement plan?    
  > What if I don’t know the exact amounts?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.4: 403(B)    
  > Why do you ask for the maximum I (or my partner) can contribute?    
  > What's the difference between a basic and supplemental 403(b) plan?    
  > What is a 'Long-Term Employee' catch-up provision?    
  > What is the 'Last Three Years of Employment' catch-up provision?    
  > What is the '50 Years of Age' catch-up provision?    
  > If my employer has an employer match, how can I maximize my employer match if I contribute up to my 403(b)’s limit?    
  > What if I don’t know the exact amounts?    
  > Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?    
  > Why do you need information on my 403(b) loans?    
  > What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
   
  > What is a brokerage account?    
  > What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my brokerage account investments?    
  > Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
   
  > Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.5: 457(B)    
  > Why do you ask for the maximum I (or my partner) can contribute?    
  > What is the 'Last Three Years of Employment' catch-up provision?    
  > What is the '50 Years of Age' catch-up provision?    
  > What if I don’t know the exact amounts?    
  > If my employer has an employer match, how can I maximize my employer match if I contribute up to my 457(b)’s limit?    
  > Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?    
  > Why do you need information on my 457(b) loans?    
  > What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
   
  > What is a brokerage account?    
  > What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my brokerage account investments?    
  > Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
   
  > Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.6: 401(a)    
  > What if I don’t know the exact amounts?    
  > Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?    
  > What is a post-tax contribution and how does it differ from a pretax contribution?    
  > Why do you need information on my retirement plan loans?    
  > What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
   
  > What is a brokerage account?    
  > What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my company stock or brokerage account investments?    
  > Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
   
  > Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.7: IRA    
  > Why can't I enter an amount of more than $3,000 for my IRA annual contribution?    
  > What is a Traditional IRA?    
  > What is a Roth IRA?    
  > What is a rollover IRA?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.8: Other Investments    
  > What is this list?    
  > Will you give me advice on investments outside my employer retirement plan?    
  > What is a Tax-Deferred Account?    
  > What counts as a Retirement Plan from Previous Employer?    
  > What’s a Traditional IRA?    
  > What is a Roth IRA?    
  > What is a Variable Annuity (VA)?    
  > What is a Taxable Account?    
  > What is Company Stock?    
  > What is a Pension Plan?    
  > What is Cash Freed by Moving to a Smaller Home?    
  > Why should I avoid allocating future contributions to my brokerage account?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.9: Investment Balances    
  > What is Enter Details?    
  > How do I use Enter Details?    
  > Why can’t I contribute more than $3,000 annually to an IRA?    
  > Does Other Pension Plans include both current and future pensions?    
  > How should I determine the amount to enter in 'Cash Freed From Move to Smaller Home?'    
 
  FAQ's for Step 2.10: Partner's Investment Balances    
  > What is Enter Details?    
  > How do I use Enter Details?    
  > Why can’t my partner contribute more than $3,000 annually to an IRA?    
  > Does Other Pension Plans include both current and future pensions?    
 
  How do you account for changes in my salary?  
 
  You don't need to worry about future raises, because we estimate your future salary growth on a curve (rather than a fixed progression). We assume that the greatest rate of growth will take place from ages 21 to 45, and that your salary increases will level off after age 55. If you receive an unexpectedly large raise, however, you should return here and re-enter the new salary information.  
     
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  How do you estimate my Social Security benefits?  
 
  We use an algorithm provided by the Social Security Administration (SSA) to project the Social Security projection that you see displayed on the screen. These estimated benefits are based on your salary and the number of years you have until retirement. We use our own prediction of how your salary will change in the future, however, so you may get a different answer from this planner than you do from the SSA or from other retirement-planning programs. You always have the option of entering your own estimate or contacting the SSA and entering its estimate.  
     
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  Should I enter my salary before taxes?  
 
  Yes. Enter the salary you earn today, on either an annual, weekly, or hourly basis. We ask you to enter your salary before taxes because we calculate your future income on a pretax basis.  
     
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  How do you define what 'salary' includes?  
 
  We consider your salary to be the total of your base salary plus any commissions, bonuses, or other cash compensation you receive. If parts of your salary vary from year to year, try to come up with your best estimate of annual average.  
     
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  What’s the advantage of taking a part-time job?  
 
  If you're willing to take a part-time job in retirement, you may be able to retire a few years earlier.  
     
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  What if I’m unsure about taking a part-time job during retirement?  
 
  If you're not sure whether or not you’re willing to work a part-time job in retirement, don't check this box. The retirement planner will then find plans that work for you without a part-time job. Also, you'll still be able to test the effects of taking a part-time job by using the What If? Tool later in the program.  
     
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  What if I’m currently getting a pension?  
 
  This question is only for a pension you'll receive when you retire. If you're already receiving a pension from a past employer but won’t receive one from your current employer when you retire, leave this box unchecked. You’ll be able to tell us about current pensions on the next page.  
     
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  Why do you ask for the maximum I (or my partner) can contribute?  
 
  We ask for both your maximum allowable and current contributions so that we can make recommendations for raising your contribution amount, if necessary, to reach your retirement income goals.  
     
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  What if I don’t know the exact amounts?  
 
  If you do not have the precise information, enter an estimate now, then get a more exact answer from your company's human resources department later on.  
     
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  Why do you need to know if my match is made in company stock?  
 
  We need to know if your company provides any portion of its match in the form of company stock in order to make accurate projections of future returns. We also assume that the returns for company stock will be equivalent to the returns of the stock market as a whole.

Another reason we ask about company stock has to do with asset allocation. Most financial planners strongly suggest that you limit your company stock investments to no more than 10% of your total portfolio. If the information you give us during Step 2 suggests you own a higher percentage than the recommended level, we will issue a warning. At that point, if allowed by your company, you can choose to lighten up on company stock by electing a lower target percentage. You can also designate this change by using the What If? Tool in Step 3. The reduction will not take place all at once, but over a period of years determined by the selloff rate.

 
     
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  Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?  
 
  We ask for details for your partner's retirement plan investments because this information will help the program provide the most effective recommendations on how to invest the assets in your account. If we know how much of your partner's investments are in stocks, bonds, and cash, we can produce more accurate calculations and adjust our recommendations to ensure your combined portfolio is adequately diversified. We do not, however, provide advice on your partner's accounts.  
     
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  Why do you need information on my plan loans?  
 
  We'll need information about the balances of your plan loans and any future loans to accurately estimate the future growth of your retirement account. Taking a loan on your employer plan may prevent you from reaching retirement income goals.  
     
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  What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
 
 
  To figure your percentage contribution, divide your annual contribution by your annual salary. The result is the percentage of your salary you contribute to your retirement plan. For example, if you make $50,000 a year and contribute $5,000 to your retirement plan, you should enter 10%($5,000/$50,000). To maintain that percentage, however, you'll need to increase your contribution amount as your salary rises.

We show both dollar and percentage because our program's methodology is designed to compute contribution amounts in a predetermined format. If the amount is provided in a different format, we simply convert that value to the format used by the program. We may show you two separate values, but the program uses only one for its calculations.

 
     
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  How can I maximize my company match if I contribute up to my plan's limit?  
 
  If you want to contribute the most you can to your 401(k)or thrift plan, you’ll want to make sure you spread your contributions out over the course of the year to maximize your company’s match. That might actually mean lowering the percentage you contribute each paycheck so you don’t hit your plan’s limit too early. To figure out what percentage of your paycheck will maximize your match, calculate the lowest percentage you can contribute each paycheck that will still get you to your plan limit over the course of a year. To do so, divide the maximum amount you’re allowed to contribute by the amount of your salary. For instance, say your company allows you to contribute 10% of your salary, up to $11,000 (the 2002 DC plan limit). If you make $75,000, you’d divide the most you can stick into your 401(k)--$7,500--by $75,000. That gives you your ideal contribution of 10%.  
     
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  What is a 'Post-tax contribution' and how does it differ from my regular contribution?  
 
  For most people, a DC plan contribution is made pretax, that is, the contribution is taken out of your paycheck before taxes are imposed. However, the government limits the amount you can contribute, based on your available plan types. In some cases you may be able to make additional voluntary contributions post-tax, or after taxes have been applied to your earnings. When withdrawn, these contributions aren't taxed, though any earnings they've made still are. Not all employers allow you to make post-tax contributions, however.  
     
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  What is the '50 Years of Age' catch-up provision?  
 
  New for 2002, this provision in the tax law allows employees aged 50 or more to increase their contributions over the current limit by $1000, from 2002-2005. Please contact your human resources representative or plan administrator for more details.  
     
  to the top  
 
  What is a brokerage account?  
 
  A brokerage account is an option offered by some employer retirement plans that allows you to invest your plan contributions in a self-directed account with an outside brokerage firm. Such accounts typically offer a wide degree of latitude--you might be able to invest in almost any stock or mutual fund you choose, for example.  
     
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  What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my company stock or brokerage account investments?  
 
  When you give us the specific details about your investments in company stock or brokerage account holdings, we are able to give you the most accurate possible advice. If you choose not to enter details, we use the following assumptions: for company stock, we assume the amount entered is in a small-company stock; for brokerage accounts, we assume the amount entered is invested 50% in stocks and 50% in bonds. In some cases, these assumptions may not reflect accurately the composition of your actual holdings.  
     
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  Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
 
 
  There are certain investment options, called custom funds, that may be specifically developed for your company's retirement plan and do not have publicly available data. In such cases, we do not have the necessary information on which to base an investment recommendation or suggestion. We do give you the option, however, to keep current balances and/or future contributions with any custom funds your plan may offer.  
     
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  Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?  
 
  Our database does not track historical information for individual bonds. Please enter the amount of your investment as an overall balance.  
     
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  My company's Profit Sharing Plan adjusts its percentage contribution annually. How can I change the number in the future?  
 
  In order to estimate investment results for your retirement plan, we need to use a fixed number for you company's contributions. This number is provided by your employer and is based on its historical contributions record. If future contribution levels greatly exceed or fall short of historical levels, your company will notify us and we will make the adjustment.  
     
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  Isn't my Money Purchase Plan the same thing as my pension?  
 
  Your employer's contributions to your Money Purchase Plan are fixed as they would be with a pension, but the two plans are different. Pension plans are defined-benefit plans -- that is, they offer a predetermined payoff at retirement. With a Money Purchase Plan, what you receive at retirement depends on how well your investments do.  
     
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  What if I don’t know the exact amounts?  
 
  If you do not have the precise information, enter an estimate now, then get a more exact answer from your company's human resources department later on.  
     
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  Why do you need to know if my match is made in company stock?  
 
  We need to know if your company provides its match in the form of company stock in order to make accurate projections of future returns. If you indicate that it does, we assume that 100% of the contribution is made in company stock. We also assume that the returns for company stock will be equivalent to the returns of the stock market as a whole.

Another reason we ask about company stock has to do with asset allocation. Most financial planners strongly suggest that you limit your company stock investments to no more than 10% of your total portfolio. If the information you give us during Step 2 suggests you own a higher percentage than the recommended level, we will issue a warning. At that point, you can choose to lighten up on company stock by electing a lower target percentage. You can also designate this change by using the What If? Tool in Step 3. The reduction will not take place all at once, but over a period of years determined by the selloff rate.

 
     
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  My partner's company’s Profit Sharing Plan adjusts its percentage contribution annually. How can I change the number in the future?  
 
  In order to estimate investment results for your retirement plan (or your partner's), we need to use a fixed number for your company’s contributions. This number is provided by your employer and is based on its historical contributions record. If future contribution levels greatly exceed or fall short of historical levels, your company will notify us and we will make the adjustment.  
     
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  Isn’t a Money Purchase Plan the same thing as a pension?  
 
  Your (or your partner's) employer’s contributions to your Money Purchase Plan are fixed as they would be with a pension, but the two plans are different. Pension plans are defined-benefit plans -- that is, they offer a predetermined payoff at retirement. With a Money Purchase Plan, what you receive at retirement depends on how well your investments do.  
     
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  Why do you need me to enter details about my partner’s employer retirement plan?  
 
  We ask for details for your partner's retirement plan investments because this information will help the program provide the most effective recommendations on how to invest the assets in your account. If we know how much of your partner's investments are in stocks, bonds, and cash, we can produce more accurate calculations and adjust our recommendations to ensure your combined portfolio is adequately diversified. We do not, however, provide advice on your partner's accounts.  
     
  to the top  
 
  What if I don’t know the exact amounts?  
 
  If you do not have the precise information, enter an estimate now, then get a more exact answer from your company's human resources department later on.  
     
  to the top  
 
  Why do you ask for the maximum I (or my partner) can contribute?  
 
  We ask for both your maximum allowable and current 403(b) contributions so that ClearFuture can make recommendations for raising your contribution amount, if necessary, to reach your retirement income goals.  
     
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  What's the difference between a basic and supplemental 403(b) plan?  
 
  Generally speaking, a basic 403(b) plan is your primary plan option, and usually includes an employer match. A supplemental plan, if offered, is intended to allow you the opportunity to contribute additional amounts beyond the limits of the basic plan. Supplemental plans do not allow for employer matches.  
     
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  What is a 'Long-Term Employee' catch-up provision?  
 
  Available to individuals with at least 15 years of service with the same employer, this catch-up provision allows for additional pretax contributions over the usual limit. Depending on the individual's previous history of contribution, catch-up contributions of up to $3,000 annually, or $15,000 per lifetime, may be allowed. Please contact your human resources representative or plan administrator for the particular details of your situation.  
     
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  What is the 'Last Three Years of Employment' catch-up provision?  
 
  During the three years preceding normal retirement age, you may be able to contribute additional pre-tax dollars to your 457(b) plan under a 'catch-up' rule. Speak to your human resources representative or your plan administrator for details.  
     
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  What is the '50 Years of Age' catch-up provision?  
 
  New for 2002, this provision in the tax law allows employees aged 50 or more to increase their contributions over the current limit by $1000, from 2002-2005. Please contact your human resources representative or plan administrator for more details.  
     
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  If my employer has an employer match, how can I maximize my employer match if I contribute up to my 403(b)’s limit?  
 
  If you want to contribute the most you can to your 403(b), you’ll want to make sure you spread your contributions out over the course of the year to maximize your employer’s match. That might actually mean lowering the percentage you contribute each paycheck so you don’t hit your 403(b)’s limit too early. To figure out what percentage of your paycheck will maximize your match, calculate the lowest percentage you can contribute each paycheck that will still get you to your 403(b)’s limit over the course of a year. (Keep in mind that the most you can contribute to any 403(b) by law is $11,000.) To do so, divide the maximum amount you’re allowed to contribute to your 403(b) by the amount of your salary. For instance, say your employer allows you to contribute 10% of your salary, up to $11,000. If you make $75,000, you’d divide the most you can stick into your 403(b)--$7,500--by $75,000. That gives you your ideal contribution of 10%.  
     
  to the top  
 
  What if I don’t know the exact amounts?  
 
  If you do not have the precise information, enter an estimate now, then get a more exact answer from your employer's human resources department later on.  
     
  to the top  
 
  Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?  
 
  We ask for details for your partner's retirement plan investments because this information will help the program provide the most effective recommendations on how to invest the assets in your account. If we know how much of your partner's investments are in stocks, bonds, and cash, we can produce more accurate calculations and adjust our recommendations to ensure your combined portfolio is adequately diversified. We do not, however, provide advice on your partner's accounts.  
     
  to the top  
 
  Why do you need information on my 403(b) loans?  
 
  We'll need information about the balances of your 403(b) loans and any future loans to accurately estimate the future growth of your retirement account. Taking a loan on your 403(b) may prevent you from reaching retirement income goals.  
     
  to the top  
 
  What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
 
 
  To figure your percentage contribution, divide your annual contribution by your annual salary. The result is the percentage of your salary you contribute to your retirement plan. For example, if you make $50,000 a year and contribute $5,000 to your retirement plan, you should enter 10%($5,000/$50,000). To maintain that percentage, however, you'll need to increase your contribution amount as your salary rises.

We show both dollar and percentage because our program's methodology is designed to compute contribution amounts in a predetermined format. If the amount is provided in a different format, we simply convert that value to the format used by the program. We may show you two separate values, but the program uses only one for its calculations.

 
     
  to the top  
 
  What is a brokerage account?  
 
  A brokerage account is an option offered by some employer retirement plans that allows you to invest your plan contributions in a self-directed account with an outside brokerage firm. Such accounts typically offer a wide degree of latitude--you might be able to invest in almost any stock or mutual fund you choose, for example.  
     
  to the top  
 
  What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my brokerage account investments?  
 
  When you give us the specific details about your investments in company stock or brokerage account holdings, we are able to give you the most accurate possible advice. If you choose not to enter details, we use the following assumptions: for brokerage accounts, we assume the amount entered is invested 50% in stocks and 50% in bonds. In some cases, these assumptions may not reflect accurately the composition of your actual holdings.  
     
  to the top  
 
  Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
 
 
  There are certain investment options, called custom funds, that may be specifically developed for your company's retirement plan and do not have publicly available data. In such cases, we do not have the necessary information on which to base an investment recommendation or suggestion. We do give you the option, however, to keep current balances and/or future contributions with any custom funds your plan may offer.  
     
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  Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?  
 
  Our database does not track historical information for individual bonds. Please enter the amount of your investment as an overall balance.  
     
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  Why do you ask for the maximum I (or my partner) can contribute?  
 
  We ask for both your maximum allowable and current 457(b) contributions so that ClearFuture can make recommendations for raising your contribution amount, if necessary, to reach your retirement income goals.  
     
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  What is the 'Last Three Years of Employment' catch-up provision?  
 
  During the three years preceding normal retirement age, you may be able to contribute additional pre-tax dollars to your 457(b) plan under a 'catch-up' rule. Speak to your human resources representative or your plan administrator for details.  
     
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  What is the '50 Years of Age' catch-up provision?  
 
  New for 2002, this provision in the tax law allows employees aged 50 or more to increase their contributions over the current limit by $1,000, from 2002-2005. Please contact your human resources representative or plan administrator for more details.  
     
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  What if I don’t know the exact amounts?  
 
  If you do not have the precise information, enter an estimate now, then get a more exact answer from your employer's human resources department later on.  
     
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  If my employer has an employer match, how can I maximize my employer match if I contribute up to my 457(b)’s limit?  
 
  If you want to contribute the most you can to your 457(b), you’ll want to make sure you spread your contributions out over the course of the year to maximize your employer’s match. That might actually mean lowering the percentage you contribute each paycheck so you don’t hit your 457(b)’s limit too early. To figure out what percentage of your paycheck will maximize your match, calculate the lowest percentage you can contribute each paycheck that will still get you to your 457(b)’s limit over the course of a year. (Keep in mind that the most you can contribute to any 457(b) by law is $11,000.) To do so, divide the maximum amount you’re allowed to contribute to your 457(b) by the amount of your salary. For instance, say your employer allows you to contribute 10% of your salary, up to $11,000. If you make $75,000, you’d divide the most you can stick into your 457(b)--$7,500--by $75,000. That gives you your ideal contribution of 10%.  
     
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  Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?  
 
  We ask for details for your partner's retirement plan investments because this information will help the program provide the most effective recommendations on how to invest the assets in your account. If we know how much of your partner's investments are in stocks, bonds, and cash, we can produce more accurate calculations and adjust our recommendations to ensure your combined portfolio is adequately diversified. We do not, however, provide advice on your partner's accounts.  
     
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  Why do you need information on my 457(b) loans?  
 
  We'll need information about the balances of your 457(b) loans and any future loans to accurately estimate the future growth of your retirement account. Taking a loan on your 457(b) may prevent you from reaching retirement income goals.  
     
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  What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
 
 
  To figure your percentage contribution, divide your annual contribution by your annual salary. The result is the percentage of your salary you contribute to your retirement plan. For example, if you make $50,000 a year and contribute $5,000 to your retirement plan, you should enter 10%($5,000/$50,000). To maintain that percentage, however, you'll need to increase your contribution amount as your salary rises.

We show both dollar and percentage because our program's methodology is designed to compute contribution amounts in a predetermined format. If the amount is provided in a different format, we simply convert that value to the format used by the program. We may show you two separate values, but the program uses only one for its calculations.

 
     
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  What is a brokerage account?  
 
  A brokerage account is an option offered by some employer retirement plans that allows you to invest your plan contributions in a self-directed account with an outside brokerage firm. Such accounts typically offer a wide degree of latitude--you might be able to invest in almost any stock or mutual fund you choose, for example.  
     
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  What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my brokerage account investments?  
 
  When you give us the specific details about your investments in brokerage account holdings, we are able to give you the most accurate possible advice. If you choose not to enter details, we use the following assumptions: for brokerage accounts, we assume the amount entered is invested 50% in stocks and 50% in bonds. In some cases, these assumptions may not reflect accurately the composition of your actual holdings.  
     
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  Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
 
 
  There are certain investment options, called custom funds, that may be specifically developed for your company's retirement plan and do not have publicly available data. In such cases, we do not have the necessary information on which to base an investment recommendation or suggestion. We do give you the option, however, to keep current balances and/or future contributions with any custom funds your plan may offer.  
     
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  Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?  
 
  Our database does not track historical information for individual bonds. Please enter the amount of your investment as an overall balance.  
     
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  What if I don’t know the exact amounts?  
 
  If you do not have the precise information, enter an estimate now, then get a more exact answer from your employer's human resources department later on.  
     
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  Why do you need me to enter details about my partner's employer retirement plan?  
 
  We ask for details for your partner's retirement plan investments because this information will help ClearFuture provide the most effective recommendations on how to invest the assets in your account. If we know how much of your partner's investments are in stocks, bonds, and cash, we can produce more accurate calculations and adjust our recommendations to ensure your combined portfolio is adequately diversified. We do not, however, provide advice on your partner's accounts.  
     
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  What is a post-tax contribution and how does it differ from a pretax contribution?  
 
  For most people, a DC plan contribution is made pretax, that is, the contribution is taken out of your paycheck before taxes are imposed. However, the government limits the amount you can contribute, based on your available plan types. In some cases you may be able to make additional voluntary contributions post-tax, or after taxes have been applied to your earnings. When withdrawn, these contributions aren't taxed, though any earnings they've made still are. Not all employers allow you to make post-tax contributions, however.  
     
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  Why do you need information on my retirement plan loans?  
 
  We'll need information about the balances of your loans and any future loans to accurately estimate the future growth of your retirement account. Taking a loan on your plan may prevent you from reaching retirement income goals.  
     
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  What if I make my contribution in dollar amounts, not percentages?
Why do you show my contribution in both dollar and percentage formats?
 
 
  To figure your percentage contribution, divide your annual contribution by your annual salary. The result is the percentage of your salary you contribute to your retirement plan. For example, if you make $50,000 a year and contribute $5,000 to your retirement plan, you should enter 10%($5,000/$50,000). To maintain that percentage, however, you'll need to increase your contribution amount as your salary rises.

We show both dollar and percentage because our program's methodology is designed to compute contribution amounts in a predetermined format. If the amount is provided in a different format, we simply convert that value to the format used by the program. We may show you two separate values, but the program uses only one for its calculations.
 
     
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  What is a brokerage account?  
 
  A brokerage account is an option offered by some employer retirement plans that allows you to invest your plan contributions in a self-directed account with an outside brokerage firm. Such accounts typically offer a wide degree of latitude--you might be able to invest in almost any stock or mutual fund you choose, for example.  
     
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  What happens if I choose not to 'Enter Details' on my company stock or brokerage account investments?  
 
  When you give us the specific details about your investments in company stock or brokerage account holdings, we are able to give you the most accurate possible advice. If you choose not to enter details, we use the following assumptions: for company stock, we assume the amount entered is in a small-company stock; for brokerage accounts, we assume the amount entered is invested 50% in stocks and 50% in bonds. In some cases, these assumptions may not reflect accurately the composition of your actual holdings.  
     
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  Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any advice or guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
 
 
  There are certain investment options, called custom funds, that may be specifically developed for your company's retirement plan and do not have publicly available data. In such cases, we do not have the necessary information on which to base an investment recommendation or suggestion. We do give you the option, however, to keep current balances and/or future contributions with any custom funds your plan may offer.  
     
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  Why can't I enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?  
 
  Our database does not track historical information for individual bonds. Please enter the amount of your investment as an overall balance.  
     
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  Why can't I enter an amount of more than $3,000 for my IRA annual contribution?  
 
  For 2002, annual contributions to both traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs are capped at $3,000 by law, so you must enter an amount of $3,000 or less. (This amount will be increasing in future years.) Depending on your partner's income level, he or she might not be able to contribute the maximum. Also, the $3,000 limit per individual applies to all IRAs you or your partner own. So if your or your partner owns a Roth IRA and a traditional IRA, the sum of your partner's contributions to both accounts cannot exceed $3,000.  
     
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  What is a Traditional IRA?  
 
  A traditional IRA is a type of individual retirement account that allows you to invest up to $3,000 a year (for 2002) in tax-deductible contributions and grow your earnings tax-deferred. This means you don't pay taxes on the money you earn until you withdraw it, giving your money more of a chance to grow.  
     
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  What is a Roth IRA?  
 
  A Roth IRA is an individual retirement account that offers higher income limits and more relaxed eligibility rules than Traditional IRAs. Unlike a traditional IRA, a Roth doesn't give you a tax deduction when you contribute. But there's a big payoff: tax-free withdrawals of your contributions and any gains they've produced.  
     
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  What is a rollover IRA?  
 
  A rollover IRA is like a traditional IRA, except it's specifically geared toward money you've received as a distribution from the DC plan of a previous employer. Also known as a conduit IRA, this vehicle gives you the flexibility to do a later rollover to a subsequent employer plan, as long as you haven't mixed the money with new contributions, or to conver to a Roth IRA. If you are entering information for a rollover IRA on this page, please select 'Traditional IRA' as your IRA type.  
     
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  What is this list?  
 
  If you have any outside investments intended for retirement--which could include IRAs, VAs, other 401(k) plans, stocks or mutual funds held in a brokerage account, pension income, or proceeds from the sale of a house--check the appropriate boxes here. You can enter details for these assets on the subsequent pages. Don't include investments intended for other expenses, such as a child's college tuition. If you don’t have any outside retirement accounts, leave the boxes unchecked and click 'Next.'  
     
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  Will you give me advice on investments outside my employer retirement plan?  
 
  Telling us about your other assets is important because we'll adjust your employer plan investments based on your outside investments so that your total retirement plan remains well diversified. However, we don't give investment advice on these outside assets.  
     
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  What is a Tax-Deferred Account?  
 
  A tax-deferred account is any account that allows you to wait before paying taxes on your earnings. Your employer retirement plan is tax-deferred since you only pay taxes on earnings when you withdraw them, not when you earn them.  
     
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  What counts as a Retirement Plan from Previous Employer?  
 
  Any employer retirement plans you currently maintain that were acquired while working for a company prior to your current employer count in this category.  
     
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  What’s a Traditional IRA?  
 
  A Traditional IRA is a type of individual retirement account that allows you to invest up to $3,000 a year (for 2002; the 2001 limit is $2,000) in tax-deductible contributions and grow your earnings tax-deferred. This means you don't pay taxes on the money you earn until you withdraw it, giving your money more of a chance to grow.  
     
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  What is a Roth IRA?  
 
  A Roth IRA is an individual retirement account that offers higher income limits and more relaxed eligibility rules than Traditional IRAs. Unlike a Traditional IRA, a Roth doesn't give you a tax deduction when you contribute. But there's a big payoff: tax-free withdrawals of your contributions and any increase in their value.  
     
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  What is a Variable Annuity (VA)?  
 
  VAs are investment vehicles that offer an insurance component and certain tax advantages. You invest your money in fund-like subaccounts and upon retiring are paid an income, the size of which depends, among other things, on the return of the subaccounts. VAs involve charges and/or tax penalties for early withdrawals and therefore are viewed as a long-term investment. They're generally more expensive than mutual funds and have additional restrictions.  
     
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  What is a Taxable Account?  
 
  Any investment account that isn't sheltered from taxes is a taxable account. This means you have to pay taxes on any interest payments or distributions, as well as on any gains you realize when you sell the investment. With nontaxable accounts, such as IRAs and employer-sponsored retirement savings plans, you can postpone the payment of these taxes.  
     
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  What is Company Stock?  
 
  Company Stock refers to shares of your employer's stock that you own. While buying stock in your employer means you'll benefit more when the company does well, it also means you're taking on extra risk. If your company hits hard times, not only could you lose your job (and salary), your stock could lose money, too. That's why we recommend that company stock account for no more than 10% of your total portfolio. If your company stock allocation exceeds that percentage, we'll give you a warning. If your employer allows you to sell company stock held in your retirement plan, we'll give you the chance to make that reduction in Step 2 and in the What If? Tool (Step 3).  
     
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  What is a Pension Plan?  
 
  A company retirement plan that pays you a specific amount of money each year of your retirement based on how long you worked and how much you were paid. You don't contribute anything to a pension.  
     
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  What is Cash Freed by Moving to a Smaller Home?  
 
  If you think you'll make a significant sum from selling your current home and moving to a smaller one when you retire, check this box. You’ll enter the amount you think you’ll make on the next page.  
     
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  Why should I avoid allocating future contributions to my brokerage account?  
 
  Although you are welcome to continue putting future contributions to your retirement plan in a brokerage account, Morningstar ClearFuture strongly advises against this practice. Instead, we recommend that you allocate future contributions to the portfolio recommended by ClearFuture, which you will receive in step 5.

Why are we so adamant? The investment recommendations provided by ClearFuture are designed to create a diversified, high-quality portfolio of investments, and they have been created with your personal information and needs in mind. Individual investments made in a brokerage account, on the other hand, are often made based on faulty or incomplete information; moreover, if you purchase only individual stocks in your account, your portfolio will probably be undiversified, volatile, and very unpredictable.

That's not to say that there isn't a place for investing in individual stocks or using brokerage accounts. But we think that should be a small piece of your overall portfolio, and outside of your retirement accounts. Your employer retirement plan should be designed with long-term goals in mind, and ClearFuture's recommendations are geared to help you reach those goals. To keep future contributions going to ClearFuture's recommended portfolio, choose 'No' to the question below.

 
     
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  What is Enter Details?  
 
  For tax-sheltered and taxable investments, you can click 'Enter Details' to enter more specific information about your investments than just your overall balance. You’ll get better advice if you enter details, because we can produce more accurate calculations if we know how much of your investments are in stocks, bonds, and cash.  
     
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  How do I use Enter Details?  
 
  When you choose 'Enter Details,' a box will open allowing you to search for the specific stocks and mutual funds you own. You can find your securities by entering either the ticker symbol or the name. Make sure to check the option ('name' or 'ticker') that corresponds to your chosen search method. When entering the name, you may type out just the first part of the name (such as 'Vanguard' or 'Fidelity') or even the first few letters. You will then find a list in the middle box of all the funds offered by that company or fund names beginning with those letters. This box only displays 20 names at a time, so if the fund company offers many funds, you may need to page through to find your particular choice by clicking on 'Next 20.'

Once you have found the correct security, you will need to highlight that name in the middle box with the cursor, then click 'Add.' This is true even if only one name appears in the box. Once you have clicked 'Add,' the fund or stock name should appear in the last box on the screen. If you accidentally add the wrong security, you can remove it by simply clicking 'Delete.'

Once you have entered all of your securities, select 'Next Step,' and you will be taken to a new screen. There you can enter the current dollar amount you have invested in each mutual fund or stock. After entering the amounts, select 'Done,' and you will be returned to the original 'Investment Balances' page.

 
     
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  Why can’t I contribute more than $3,000 annually to an IRA?  
 
  For 2002, annual contributions to both traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs are capped at $3,000 by law, so you must enter an amount of $3,000 or less. (The 2001 limit is $2,000.) Depending on your partner’s income level, he or she might not be able to contribute the maximum. Also, the $3,000 limit for an individual applies to all IRAs your partner owns. So if your partner owns a Roth IRA and a traditional IRA, the sum of your partner’s contributions to both accounts cannot exceed $3,000.  
     
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  Does Other Pension Plans include both current and future pensions?  
 
  No. You should only enter information about pensions your partner is currently receiving here. Information on future pension plans should be entered under the Partner’s Savings Plan page. You can return to this page through the link at the top of this page.  
     
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  How should I determine the amount to enter in 'Cash Freed From Move to Smaller Home?'  
 
  If you think you'll make a significant sum from selling your current home and moving to a smaller one when you retire, you can enter that amount here. Take your estimate of the current value of your home and subtract the purchase price of the less expensive home to come up with the figure. For instance, if your home is currently worth $200,000, and you think you'll move to a $100,000 home, you should enter the difference: $200,000-$100,000=$100,000.

Think in terms of today's dollars and your home's current appraisal value when making your estimate. We will take future increases in home value into account. And this is only an estimate, so don't worry about coming up with an exact figure.

 
     
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  What is Enter Details?  
 
  For tax-sheltered and taxable investments, you can click 'Enter Details' to enter more specific information about your investments than just your overall balance. You’ll get better advice if you enter details, because we can produce more accurate calculations if we know how much of your investments are in stocks, bonds, and cash.  
     
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  How do I use Enter Details?  
 
  When you choose 'Enter Details,' a box will open allowing you to search for the specific stocks and mutual funds you own. You can find your securities by entering either the ticker symbol or the name. Make sure to check the option ('name' or 'ticker') that corresponds to your chosen search method. When entering the name, you may type out just the first part of the name (such as 'Vanguard' or 'Fidelity') or even the first few letters. You will then find a list in the middle box of all the funds offered by that company or fund names beginning with those letters. This box only displays 20 names at a time, so if the fund company offers many funds, you may need to page through to find your particular choice by clicking on 'Next 20.'

Once you have found the correct security, you will need to highlight that name in the middle box with the cursor, then click 'Add.' This is true even if only one name appears in the box. Once you have clicked 'Add,' the fund or stock name should appear in the last box on the screen. If you accidentally add the wrong security, you can remove it by simply clicking 'Delete.'

Once you have entered all of your securities, select 'Next Step,' and you will be taken to a new screen. There you can enter the current dollar amount you have invested in each mutual fund or stock. After entering the amounts, select 'Done,' and you will be returned to the original 'Investment Balances' page.

 
     
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  Why can’t my partner contribute more than $3,000 annually to an IRA?  
 
  For 2002, annual contributions to both traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs are capped at $3,000 by law, so you must enter an amount of $3,000 or less. (The 2001 limit is $2,000.) Depending on your partner’s income level, he or she might not be able to contribute the maximum. Also, the $3,000 limit for an individual applies to all IRAs your partner owns. So if your partner owns a Roth IRA and a traditional IRA, the sum of your partner’s contributions to both accounts cannot exceed $3,000.  
     
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  Does Other Pension Plans include both current and future pensions?  
 
  No. You should only enter information about pensions your partner is currently receiving here. Information on future pension plans should be entered under the Partner’s Savings Plan page. You can return to this page through the link at the top of this page.  
     
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  FAQ's for Step 3: What's Coming Next    
  > What am I seeing here?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 3: Pick a Plan    
  > What's the significance of the Annual Retirement Income, Expected Risk, and Asset Mix graphics?    
  > What's the What If? Tool?    
  > What's in the 'With These Changes' column?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 3.2 What if? Tool    
  > What is the What If? Tool?    
  > How do I interpret the graph I'm seeing on the What If? Tool?    
  > What is the significance of the stock percentage I see when I select an Income Range in the What If? Tool?    
  > How do I use the Company Stock Allocation tool?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 3.3: Smoother Plan    
  > What's the significance of the Annual Retirement Income, Expected Risk, and Asset Mix graphics?    
  > What's the What If? Tool?    
 
  What am I seeing here?  
 
  What you're seeing is a sample of the type of plan you will receive in the next step. Each plan has three parts: income range, expected risk, and asset mix. Your income range is our projection of possible incomes you can expect in retirement. You have an estimated 95% chance of making the amount on the left, and an estimated 50% chance of making the amount on the right. Your expected risk describes the short-term volatility of each plan. Expected Risk levels are labeled Low, Medium, or High. Low-risk plans usually earn less money but have fewer ups and downs than high-risk plans. High-risk plans usually earn more than low-risk plans in the long run, but your investments might jump around in value a lot more. And note that it's possible you'll end up with less money in retirement with a high-risk plan. Plans with Medium expected risk fall in between Low and High. Asset Mix pie charts show you how we think you should divide your money up among the three broad asset classes: stocks, bonds, and cash. (In cases where your plan offers only one fixed-income option, such as a stable value fund, we show two asset classes: stocks and fixed-income.) The more you have in stocks, the more you're likely to earn in the long run, but the greater the volatility your plan is likely to produce.  
     
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  What's the significance of the Annual Retirement Income, Expected Risk, and Asset Mix graphics?  
 
  Annual Retirement Income

These bars show you the range of income you can expect in retirement using each of the plans. You have an estimated 95% chance of making at least the first amount and an estimated 50% chance of making at least the second amount.

Expected Risk

This feature describes the short-term risk of each plan. Plans with Low expected risk usually earn less money but have fewer ups and downs than high-risk plans. High-risk plans usually earn more than low-risk plans in the long run, but your investments might jump around in value a lot more. And note that it's possible you'll end up with less money in retirement with a high-risk plan.

Asset Mix

Our pie charts show you how we think you should divide your money up among the three broad asset classes: stocks, bonds, and cash. (In cases where your plan offers only one fixed-income option, such as a stable value fund, we show two asset classes: stocks and fixed-income.) The more you have in stocks, the more you're likely to earn in the long run, but the greater the volatility your plan is likely to produce.

 
     
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  What's the What If? Tool?  
 
  Use the What If? Tool to experiment with the factors that go into your retirement plan. You can change one or more of these factors--your retirement age, your annual contribution, etc.--and instantly see how those changes affect your retirement possibilities.  
     
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  What's in the 'With These Changes' column?  
 
  These are the changes you need to make to your investment plan, such as contributing more to your employer plan, in order to meet your goal.  
     
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  What is the What If? Tool?  
 
  The tool is divided into two parts. The left part is the Control Panel, where you can adjust many of the inputs you provided us in Step 2 -- for example, your percent contribution to your employer plan. The right part is the income range indicator, which consists of 21 stacked bars. Each bar represents an income projection for a different asset mix -- ranging from 100% stock to 100% cash. As you move the sliders to adjust your inputs,you'll see the income ranges change, showing you instantly the effects of your changes. If you don't like the results, click 'Reset' to return to the original information you gave us. The sliders over the stacked bars indicate your income targets. The initial setting is based on the income ranges for the Moderate Plan. You can use the right slider to indicate your ideal income in retirement ('Desired Income'), and use the left one to indicate an income you could live with ('Acceptable Income'). Income ranges that meet both your acceptable and desired retirement income goals are dark blue. Ranges that don't meet both goals are light blue. Simply put, dark blue = successful portfolios. When you find an income range that's acceptable, click on the bar to highlight it, then click 'Next' to continue.  
     
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  How do I interpret the graph I'm seeing on the What If? Tool?  
 
  The big 'tornado' is a stack of 21 income ranges. They correspond to 21 different asset allocations--starting with an all-stock portfolio on the top row, working down to 100% cash on the bottom row. Each bar is a range of projected income. The right end of the bar represents an income you have a 50% chance of receiving. To satisfy your Desired Income goal, the right end of the bar must surpass the line on the right. The left end shows how much you'd end up with if your investments perform poorly due to a bear market--you have an estimated 95% chance of receiving that amount or more. To satisfy your Acceptable Income goal, the left end of the bar must surpass the line on the left. Stocks have the highest expected returns, so the 100% stock allocation produces the largest Desired Income. But the returns of stocks are unsteady--that's why the 100% stock bar is so wide. If you're unlucky, an all-stock portfolio might result in less retirement income than one that contains bonds and cash.  
     
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  What is the significance of the stock percentage I see when I select an Income Range in the What If? Tool?  
 
  The stock percentage in the What If? Tool shows you how much of your retirement savings you'll be investing in stocks in a given plan. As a group, stocks generally earn more over the long run than bonds or cash investments, but they can also lose more. So, the more you invest in stocks, the wider your range of expected income becomes. That's why the bars in the What If? Machine get wider as you invest more in stocks. Also, because of their risks, the more you invest in stocks, the more likely your investments are to jump around from day to day or year to year.  
     
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  How do I use the Company Stock Allocation tool?  
 
  This slider is used to adjust the percentage of your portfolio that consists of your employer's stock. Ideally, no single stock should account for more than 10 percent of your retirement portfolio. If your company stock allocation accounts for 10% or less of your total portfolio, the slider is set at the current percentage. If company stock accounts for more than 10%, you were given the chance in step 2 to specify a target percentage. If you specified a new company stock allocation, the slider will be set at that percentage. You can use the slider to specify or adjust the target percentage and see instantly the impact on projected income. The amount of stock you can sell each year to achieve your target percentage--also known as the selloff rate--is usually defined by your company. Otherwise, we set the rate at 20%. Let's say, for example, that you own $20,000 in company stock and want to reduce your holdings to $10,000. If your selloff rate is 10%, you would sell $1,000 (10% of $10,000) each year for 10 years to meet your company-stock allocation goal.  
     
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  What's the significance of the Annual Retirement Income, Expected Risk, and Asset Mix graphics?  
 
  Annual Retirement Income

These bars show you the range of income you can expect in retirement using each of the plans. You have an estimated 95% chance of making at least the first amount and an estimated 50% chance of making at least the second amount.

Expected Risk

Your expected risk describes the short-term volatility of each plan. Expected Risk levels are labeled Low, Medium, or High. Low-risk plans usually earn less money but have fewer ups and downs than high-risk plans. High-risk plans usually earn more than low-risk plans in the long run, but your investments might jump around in value a lot more. And note that it's possible you'll end up with less money in retirement with a high-risk plan. Plans with Medium expected risk fall in between Low and High.

Asset Mix

Our pie charts show you how we think you should divide your money up among the three broad asset classes: stocks, bonds, and cash. (In cases where your plan offers only one fixed-income option, such as a stable value fund, we show two asset classes: stocks and fixed-income.) The more you have in stocks, the more you're likely to earn in the long run, but the greater the volatility your plan is likely to produce.

 
     
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  What's the What If? Tool?  
 
  Use the What If? Tool to experiment with the factors that go into your retirement plan. You can change one or more of these factors--your retirement age, your annual contribution, etc.--and instantly see how those changes affect your retirement possibilities.  
     
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  FAQ's for Step 4: Bear Market Simulator    
  > Where do you get the data for the Bear Market Simulations?    
  > What if I'm not comfortable with the losses I'm seeing?    
 
  Where do you get the data for the Bear Market Simulations?  
 
  These scenarios show you what might happen to your retirement plan over two periods of time: three months and two years. Each is based on real time periods. The losses in the Three-Month Simulation are based on losses between July 1998 and September 1998. The losses in the Two-Year Simulation reflect the bear market of 1973 and 1974.  
     
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  What if I'm not comfortable with the losses I'm seeing?  
 
  If you don't think you'd be able to handle the losses, choose the second option--which asks us to find something safer--and we'll come up with a less-volatile plan.

If you reject a plan while going through the Bear Market Simulations, we'll show you a new, less risky plan. Your new plan may not have as large a range of expected incomes, though. If you're happy with the new plan, take it through the Bear Market Simulator, too.

 
     
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  FAQ's for Step 5: Investment Recommendations    
  > How did you pick these investments?    
  > What do all these terms and charts mean?    
  > What are Investment Preferences?    
  > Why should I specify Investment Preferences?    
  > Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
   
  > Why won't ClearFuture let me enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 5.1: Investment Preferences    
  > Should I specify Investment Preferences?    
  > Will you be able to use all of my preferences?    
  > How do I use the preference options?    
  > How do I find a specific investment type?    
 
  FAQ's for Step 5.2: Investment Suggestions    
  > What's Suggested Asset Mix?    
  > How do you define the Investment Classifications?    
  > What should I enter under Investment Contributions?    
  > How do you treat balanced investment options?    
 
  How did you pick these investments?  
 
  First, we ranked all the investment options in your employer plan using our exclusive fund quality rating system. We then filled the asset mix you selected with the best investments available through your plan. In addition to balancing stocks, bonds, and cash, we also chose a mix of funds that gives you a diversified combination of investment styles and stock sectors.  
     
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  What do all these terms and charts mean?  
 
  Here's a rundown on Asset Mix, Investment Style, Key Stock Sectors, and Recommended Investment Mix.

Asset Mix

The pie chart shows you how you're splitting your plan investments among stocks, bonds, and cash. (In cases where your plan offers only one fixed-income option, such as a stable value fund, we show two asset classes: stocks and fixed-income.) It might not exactly match your asset allocation from the Pick a Plan section, since we sometimes change the allocation a bit to improve your portfolio in other areas, such as investment quality.

Investment Style

Investment Style describes what kinds of stocks an investment owns. First, we divide stocks into two groups, large and small/medium, based on the total value of the company's stock, or capitalization. Next, we divide stocks into growth stocks--fast-growing companies whose stocks are generally expensive--or value stocks, which might not be growing as fast, but whose stock is selling relatively cheaply. Combining these, we get the four Investment Styles for U.S. stocks. A fifth Investment Style, international stocks, covers all the stocks of companies outside the U.S.

Key Stock Sectors

These bars show you how much money your stock investment has in of these five industry sectors. Industry sectors are based on what companies do. For instance, the financial sector is made up of financial companies such as banks. When picking your investments, we look at the holdings of each investment to make sure that your portfolio doesn't contain too many (or too little) stocks from any of these Key Stock Sectors.

Recommended Investment Mix

These are the investment options we think you should invest in and how much of your retirement plan money you should invest in each. We believe this is the best portfolio available in your plan for meeting your goals. If you like it, click 'Next' to accept it and proceed.

 
     
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  What are Investment Preferences?  
 
  Investment preferences give you the opportunity to influence our final recommended investments. You can ask us, for example, to use index investments in your portfolio or to include up to five specific investment options. Please note that while we'll try to use your investment preferences whenever possible, we won't always be able to recommend the investment options you specify. Our top priority is to create the best investment portfolio for you--one with a good mix of asset classes, investment styles, and stock sectors. If your preferences don't fit into that mix, we won't be able to recommend them.  
     
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  Why should I specify Investment Preferences?  
 
  There's no need to enter preferences if you don't have strong feelings about the options in your plan. If you truly have strong feelings about index funds or about a specific investment option, though, you can request that we take that into consideration when making investment recommendations.  
     
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  Why are there some funds for which I can't receive any guidance?
What are Custom Funds?
 
 
 

There are certain investment options, called custom funds, that may be specifically developed for your company's retirement plan and do not have publicly available data. In such cases, we do not have the necessary information on which to base an investment suggestion. We do give you the option, however, to keep current balances and/or future contributions with any custom funds your plan may offer.

 
     
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  Why won't ClearFuture let me enter individual bonds into 'Enter Details'?  
 
  ClearFuture's database does not track historical information for individual bonds. Please enter the amount of your investment as an overall balance.  
     
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  Should I specify Investment Preferences?  
 
  There's no need to enter preferences if you don't have strong feelings about the options in your plan. If you truly have strong feelings about index funds or about a specific investment option, though, you can request that we take that into consideration when making investment recommendations. To consider preferences, we must disable an internal safeguard known as a Portfolio Stabilizer. Normally, the stabilizer works to minimize changes in portfolio composition over time, which, in turn, enhances long-term performance.  
     
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  Will you be able to use all of my preferences?  
 
  We'll try to use your investment preferences as much as possible, but we won't always be able to recommend the investment options you specify. Our top priority is to create the best investment portfolio for you - one with a good mix of asset classes, investment styles, and stock sectors. If your preferences force the portfolio too far outside these standards, we won't be able to recommend them.  
     
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  How do I use the preference options?  
 
 

The Number of Investments Slider:

Use our slider to make a rough adjustment to the number of investments you want in your plan. Moving the slider to the left decreases the number of investments, allowing you to concentrate more of your contribution in each fund. Moving the slider to the right increases the number of investments in your plan, but it also limits the amount you can invest in each.

Type of Management

Select Index Funds if you want your investments to mimic the return and other characteristics of a market index, such as the S&P 500. If you want your money handled by professional managers who aim to beat the indexes, choose Actively Managed Funds. If you select No Preference, we'll recommend what we feel are the best investments available, regardless of management type.

Specific Investment Preferences

Is there a fund you absolutely must have, or one you won't accept on any terms? Tell us and we'll try to accommodate your wishes. To activate this option, check the box next to the heading Specific Investment Preferences. Then scroll through the investments and highlight a fund. If your plan offers more than 20 options, search for the funds by using the Find feature. Depending on how you want us treat that fund, click on the Favor button or the Exclude button. The fund will appear in an appropriate box below. You can favor up to five funds or exclude up to three. If you have a change of heart, simply click the Remove button next to the selected fund.

 
     
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  How do I find a specific investment type?  
 
  To search for a specific investment, type in the first few letters of its name or ticker and click on 'Find.' Use the 'Previous 20' and 'Next 20' buttons to scroll through longer lists of investments. When you find the investment you want to add, highlight it by clicking on it, then use the 'Add' button to select it as one of your chosen investments. When you're finished, click on 'Next' to see your new investment selections.  
     
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  What's Suggested Asset Mix?  
 
  The pie chart shows our recommendation for how you should divide your plan investments among the following investment styles: large stocks, small/mid stocks, international stocks, bonds, and cash.(In cases where your plan offers only one fixed-income option, such as a stable-value fund, it will appear under the 'Other Fixed Income' category).  
     
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  How do you define the Investment Classifications?  
 
  Diversified U.S. large and mid/small stock investment options fall into one of three fund classifications: growth, value, or growth/value. Growth portfolios buy growth stocks--fast-growing companies whose stocks are generally expensive. Value funds buy value stocks--companies that might not be growing as fast but whose stocks are selling for less than the portfolio's investment manager thinks they are worth. Growth/value investment options invest in a combination of growth and value stocks.

We classify international stock and bond investment options according to their Morningstar Category--Japan fund or intermediate government-bond fund, for example.

Cash options can fall under one of three fund classifications: guaranteed income contract (GIC), money-market fund, or stable-value fund. (If your plan offers only a stable-value fund as its only fixed-income option, it will appear under the 'Other Fixed Income' heading.)

Finally, we group investments that fall outside these parameters--such as specialty funds or funds with a Morningstar Quality Rating of Poor--under Other. These options are classified according to their Morningstar category, such as specialty-technology fund or high-yield bond fund.

 
     
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  What should I enter under Investment Contributions?  
 
  We suggest a specific percentage of your employee contribution that is appropriate for you to invest in each of the asset categories. However, we leave it up to you to choose which options you want and how much of your current account and future contributions you invest in each investment option. You don't need to invest in every option your plan offers--options you don't want to invest in should be set to 0%--but your contributions in total must add up to 100%.  
     
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  How do you treat balanced investment options?  
 
  If your plan offers balanced investment options--ones that mix stocks, bonds, and cash--we list them separately from all other investment options. These options already have a specific investment mix--80% large stock/20% cash, for instance--so investing in one automatically divides your contributions among different investment categories. The amounts placed in stocks, bonds, and cash are listed below the investment's name. To help you track your overall investment, we show the percentage contributed to each category through balanced options in the category's total.  
     
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  FAQ's for Step 6: Plan Summary    
  > What is my Plan Summary?    
 
  What is my Plan Summary?  
 
  Your Plan Summary collects in one document all of the information you've entered in the Advice module. Every ticker symbol, dollar amount, and date is reproduced on this page. We also provide an estimate of what your total investments will be worth when you retire. The range of values for this estimate corresponds to your Acceptable Income goal and your Desired Income goal. Keep in mind, though, that the projected income ranges you selected also include sources beside your investments--pensions, Social Security, and part-time employment.  
     
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